What are learning materials, making and using learning materials
What are learning materials, making and using learning materials
However, the points to be kept in mind while making a poster or chart are-
(1) There will be margins around the poster/chart
(2) Each poster/chart will have a title
(3) The image or design used will contain identification
(4) Images and text should be as large as possible
(5) Suitable colors should be used in different places
(6) Content should be arranged consistently
After collecting the raw materials for making the materials, the teacher can make these materials himself.
Again with the help of students can make various materials.
Before making materials with the students, the teacher should make a plan about what materials he needs. The teacher should keep in mind what purpose and for whom these materials will be made, what raw materials are needed for this, etc.
Then he will instruct the students to prepare the materials according to the plan. Students will go around observing their work while making materials and provide the necessary support.
Children have value in hands-on experience making and using materials. As a result of-
(1) Students are introduced to the environment
(2) Students become dignified and confident in their work
(3) Students develop fine muscles
(4) Friendship, cooperation, and other social qualities develop as everyone works together.
(5) Students acquire constructive skills and practical experience
(6) students’ creative talents are developed;
(7) Students enjoy making materials
(8) A good relationship is formed with the teacher and
(9) Self-made lessons lead to more focus and a sense of partnership through the use of these materials.
For the above reasons, it is necessary to keep the participation of children in the preparation of educational materials. But care should be taken that no accident happens while making these materials.
Use of educational materials
Pedagogy is used to make teaching and learning in the classroom effective and meaningful.
The use of relevant materials makes the content of the lesson interesting and clear to the students.
Therefore, it is necessary to use materials correctly. To conduct effective and efficient teaching and learning activities it may support nicely.
For this, attention should be paid to the following points-
Teacher Preparation: Prepare yourself before using the selected materials.
That is, the material should be known in detail and its use should be mastered very efficiently so that no difficulty is faced in the classroom.
Many times the teacher has to use charts, maps, pictures, diagrams, etc. They should be hung so that students can easily see them in class.
Student preparation: Students should be informed in detail about what materials will be used for what purpose. And how the experience will help them learn, and where they can be applied.
Presentation:
The teacher should be able to properly use or display the materials they bring to class. The following strategies should be followed to ensure effective use of materials-
(a) Do not display teaching materials by entering the classroom. This will make the students more interested in looking at the material rather than listening to the teacher.
(b) Demonstrate when the use of teaching materials is required during class activities. Remove the material when the idea for which it is intended to be conveyed or in the context in which it is intended to be used is finished. That is, materials must be removed before moving to another context.
(c) Display the material in a place where everyone in the class can see it. If the materials are small, go around and show them in front of the students.
(d) Describe the material to students who cannot see (visually impaired) so that they get an idea of the material.
Have them hold objects that have three-dimensional shapes, such as globes, toys, etc.
Visually impaired students receive necessary information from educational materials through touch. So it is necessary to ambush as many materials as possible using different techniques.
(e) Again use audible (audio) materials if there are hearing-impaired students in the classroom. Use visual aids or try to convey it through gestures.
(f) Can use many different materials for the same subject keeping in mind the varying needs of students.
(g) Allow visually impaired students as well as other students in the class to view the materials. It will stimulate their curiosity and thinking about the materials and content.
(h) Ask short questions along with the demonstration of materials. So that the students can observe and understand the relevant topics carefully.
(j) Involve children in displaying materials and get their help. This will create their interest in the material.
Assessing the advantage of the materials: The purpose for which the materials are used should be evaluated to see if they have been achieved or not. Which material is most important when presenting lessons on specific topics?
It should be seen if it is effective. Later, if there is difficulty in using any material, one should try to select and use the right material according to the need.
Preservation of learning aids
Educational materials are very important in schools. It is not possible to repeatedly collect or create these materials.
That is why it is necessary to preserve them properly without spoiling them immediately after use. So that it is available right at the time of need and can be used for several years. The role of the teacher is paramount in this work. For example-
(a) Materials such as maps, charts, pictures, etc. should be stored in wooden stands according to class, subject, and lesson.
(b) Storage of bean seeds, tamarind seeds, marbles, slings, discs, pebbles, etc. can be arranged in wooden boxes, tin, or plastic boxes. In this case, what materials are kept in which compartment should be written clearly?
(c) storage of bamboo or wooden decade bundles, different models, etc. in empty cartons of medicines or soaps
(d) Charts, pictures, etc. drawn on poster paper or old calendars can be hung on the wall.
(e) Learning materials like Instruments, radios, cassettes, reference books, etc. are learning materials. This valuable learning materials should be stored in cupboards.
(f) Materials may be stored in ceiling boxes or on the floor of tin houses in concrete buildings or school buildings. If possible, create a material corner in a separate room to organize class and subject materials.
(g) Stored materials should be cleaned periodically. Students should be encouraged to take part in this work.
The use of materials in teaching-learning is very important.
However, it is very important to select appropriate materials and use them properly. Other wise the purpose of using the materials can be defeated. Moreover, it is advisable to note that the materials used should respond to the needs and differences of the students.
